Macallair

Daniel E. Macallair

Lecturer, Criminal Justice Studies, San Francisco State University
Chapter Member: Bay Area SSN
Areas of Expertise:

About Daniel

Macallair is a Practitioner-in-Residence and teaches courses on adult and juvenile corrections policy. He is also the Executive Director of the Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice (CJCJ), a nonprofit organization founded in San Francisco, Calif. in 1986. CJCJ conducts advocacy, research, policy analysis, and program development to promote fair and humane justice policies that reduce incarceration and criminalization. As one of the nation’s leading experts on criminal justice reform, Macallair has led reform initiatives in a number of states and jurisdictions.

In the News

Quoted by Jesse Alejandro Cottrell in "SF Voted to Close Juvenile Hall. Seven Years Later, It Costs $543K per Kid," The San Francisco Standard, March 9, 2026.

Publications

After the Doors Were Locked: The History of Youth Corrections in California and the Origins of 21st Century Reform (Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2015).

Traces the history of California’s youth correctional system from the 1800s to today to explain how harsh, institutional approaches to youth incarceration developed and why they eventually began to collapse. Argues that decades of abuse, failed rehabilitation efforts, and public criticism led California to move away from large state-run youth prisons and toward more community-based approaches to juvenile justice reform.

"Testing Incapacitation Theory: Youth Crime and Incarceration in California" (with Christina Stalkhoph and Mike Males). Crime and Delinquency 54 (2010).

Examines whether locking up more young people actually reduces youth crime in California. Finds that youth crime rates fell dramatically even as juvenile incarceration rates dropped, leading the authors to argue that relying heavily on incarceration is not an effective strategy for improving public safety and that alternatives focused on rehabilitation may work better.

"Expert Testimony at Sentencing", American Jurisprudence: Proof of Facts 3rd Series, Volume 103: 81-157.

Examines how expert witnesses—such as psychologists, social workers, and corrections specialists—can help courts make more informed sentencing decisions by providing deeper information about a defendant’s background, mental health, and rehabilitation potential. Argues that expert testimony can support fairer and more individualized sentencing, particularly when presenting alternatives to incarceration.

"The Failure of Good Intentions: An Analysis of Juvenile Justice Reform in San Francisco During the 1990s" (with Mike Males). Policy Studies Journal 31, no. 1 (2003).

Examines San Francisco’s attempts to reform its juvenile justice system during the 1990s and evaluates why many of those reforms did not achieve their intended results. Argues that despite promises of rehabilitation and system improvement, inconsistent implementation, political pressures, and continued reliance on punitive practices limited meaningful change for young people involved in the justice system.

"The San Francisco Industrial School and the Origins of Juvenile Justice in California: A Glance at the Great Reformation" UC Davis Journal of Juvenile Law and Policy 7, no. 1 (2003): 1-60.

Traces the history of California’s first major juvenile correctional institution and examines how it shaped the early development of the state’s juvenile justice system. Argues that although the Industrial School was created as a reform-minded alternative for children, it quickly became harsh and abusive, helping expose the failures of institutional confinement and influencing later juvenile justice reforms in California.